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Parallel Virtual File System
The Parallel Virtual File System (PVFS) is an open source parallel file system. A parallel file system is a type of distributed file system that distributes file data across multiple servers and provides for concurrent access by multiple tasks of a parallel application. PVFS was designed for use in large scale cluster computing. PVFS focuses on high performance access to large data sets. It consists of a server process and a client library, both of which are written entirely of user-level code. A Linux kernel module and pvfs-client process allow the file system to be mounted and used with standard utilities. The client library provides for high performance access via the message passing interface (MPI). PVFS is being jointly developed between The Parallel Architecture Research Laboratory at Clemson University and the Mathematics and Computer Science Division at Argonne National Laboratory, and the Ohio Supercomputer Center. PVFS development has been funded by NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, DOE Argonne National Laboratory, NSF PACI and HECURA programs, and other government and private agencies. PVFS is now known as OrangeFS in its newest development branch.
==History==
PVFS was first developed in 1993 by Walt Ligon and Eric Blumer as a parallel file system for Parallel Virtual Machine (PVM) 〔A. Blumer and W. B. Ligon, "The Parallel Virtual File System," 1994 PVM Users Group Meeting, 1994.
〕 as part of a NASA grant to study the I/O patterns of parallel programs. PVFS version 0 was based on Vesta, a parallel file system developed at IBM T. J. Watson Research Center.〔Peter F. Corbett , Dror G. Feitelson, The Vesta parallel file system, ACM Transactions on Computer Systems (TOCS), v.14 n.3, p.225-264, Aug. 1996.〕 Starting in 1994 Rob Ross re-wrote PVFS to use TCP/IP and departed from many of the original Vesta design points. PVFS version 1 was targeted to a cluster of DEC Alpha workstations networked using switched FDDI. Like Vesta, PVFS striped data across multiple servers and allowed I/O requests based on a file view that described a strided access pattern. Unlike Vesta, the striping and view were not dependent on a common record size. Ross' research focused on scheduling of disk I/O when multiple clients were accessing the same file.〔W. B. Ligon, III, and R. B. Ross, "Implementation and Performance of a Parallel File System for High Performance Distributed Applications", 5th IEEE Symposium on High Performance Distributed Computing, August, 1996.〕 Previous results had shown that scheduling according to the best possible disk access pattern was preferable. Ross showed that this depended on a number of factors including the relative speed of the network and the details of the file view. In some cases a scheduling based on network traffic was preferable, thus a dynamically adaptable schedule provided the best overall performance.〔W. B. Ligon, III, and R. B. Ross, "Server-Side Scheduling in Cluster Parallel I/O Systems," Parallel I/O for Cluster Computing, Christophe Cèrin and Hai Jin editors, pages 157-177, Kogan Page Science, September, 2003.〕
In late 1994 Ligon met with Thomas Sterling and John Dorband at Goddard Space Flight Center (GSFC) and discussed their plans to build the first Beowulf computer.〔W. B. Ligon III, R. B. Ross, D. Becker, P. Merkey, "Beowulf: Low-Cost Supercomputing Using Linux," IEEE Software magazine special issue on Linux, Volume 16, Number 1, page 79, January, 1999.〕 It was agreed that PVFS would be ported to Linux and be featured on the new machine. Over the next several years Ligon and Ross worked with the GSFC group including Donald Becker, Dan Ridge, and Eric Hendricks. In 1997 at a cluster meeting in Pasadena, CA Sterling asked that PVFS be released as an open source package.〔Walt Ligon and Rob Ross, "Parallel I/O and the Parallel Virtual File System," Beowulf Cluster Computing with Linux, 2nd Edition, William Gropp, Ewing Lusk, and Thomas Sterling, editors, pages 489-530, MIT Press, November, 2003.〕
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